1 00:00:04,100 --> 00:00:07,240 [Music] 2 00:00:28,960 --> 00:00:31,960 I 3 00:00:35,640 --> 00:00:40,440 welcome to Sputnik orbiting the world 4 00:00:37,600 --> 00:00:43,160 with me George Galloway and me gatri the 5 00:00:40,440 --> 00:00:45,160 world has rightly recoiled in horror at 6 00:00:43,160 --> 00:00:48,320 the extreme pornography of violence in 7 00:00:45,160 --> 00:00:50,000 Iraq the videoed beheadings of now two 8 00:00:48,320 --> 00:00:52,840 American journalists by the 9 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:54,960 self-appointed caliphate of Isis has 10 00:00:52,840 --> 00:00:57,480 attracted World attention to their 11 00:00:54,960 --> 00:01:00,039 savagery in a way which the mutilation 12 00:00:57,480 --> 00:01:03,120 and Massacre by them of thousands of of 13 00:01:00,039 --> 00:01:05,560 others in Syria and Iraq has not 14 00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:07,960 meanwhile the font of fanatic extremism 15 00:01:05,560 --> 00:01:10,280 in Saudi Arabia Remains the West best 16 00:01:07,960 --> 00:01:12,520 friend and lucrative customer the 17 00:01:10,280 --> 00:01:14,720 prevailing ideology of Saudi Arabia 18 00:01:12,520 --> 00:01:17,000 shares points of contact with that of 19 00:01:14,720 --> 00:01:19,479 the neighboring caliphate and one of 20 00:01:17,000 --> 00:01:22,600 those is the public televised severing 21 00:01:19,479 --> 00:01:24,479 of people's heads the Saudi dictatorship 22 00:01:22,600 --> 00:01:26,840 has recently embarked on a frenetic 23 00:01:24,479 --> 00:01:29,280 spree of public beheadings dozens of 24 00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:31,640 them in just the last few months Amnesty 25 00:01:29,280 --> 00:01:34,000 International has been working hard to 26 00:01:31,640 --> 00:01:36,200 attract media and public attention to 27 00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:38,320 these beheadings with so far limited 28 00:01:36,200 --> 00:01:42,399 results that's why we're delighted to 29 00:01:38,320 --> 00:01:45,560 welcome on board the Sputnik CAG ketan 30 00:01:42,399 --> 00:01:50,600 and I'm glad that you're here to explain 31 00:01:45,560 --> 00:01:52,880 what I had no knowledge of at all this 32 00:01:50,600 --> 00:01:55,240 huge increase in the number of 33 00:01:52,880 --> 00:01:57,119 beheadings give us the skill of this 34 00:01:55,240 --> 00:01:59,439 first please seac thank you for having 35 00:01:57,119 --> 00:02:02,079 me George basically we've noticed we've 36 00:01:59,439 --> 00:02:04,600 seen that in the last month alone 37 00:02:02,079 --> 00:02:07,880 between two September two two August and 38 00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:09,879 two September there's been more than 30 39 00:02:07,880 --> 00:02:12,080 executions almost all of them public 40 00:02:09,879 --> 00:02:16,000 beheadings so that's almost daily daily 41 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:18,840 at least one a day and the vast although 42 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:22,040 the vast majority of these have been on 43 00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:23,959 murder charges these death sentences but 44 00:02:22,040 --> 00:02:26,920 many of them are drug smuggling and one 45 00:02:23,959 --> 00:02:29,319 of them is actually for sorcery or 46 00:02:26,920 --> 00:02:30,440 witchcraft which is not even a crime in 47 00:02:29,319 --> 00:02:34,000 international 48 00:02:30,440 --> 00:02:36,000 law so this is extremely alarming and it 49 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:38,480 points or it raises a number of 50 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:41,159 questions for us for one thing it 51 00:02:38,480 --> 00:02:44,560 clearly states that Saudi authorities do 52 00:02:41,159 --> 00:02:46,200 not have do not have regard to human 53 00:02:44,560 --> 00:02:49,000 life many of these cases that we have 54 00:02:46,200 --> 00:02:51,840 been able to document it's clear that 55 00:02:49,000 --> 00:02:56,720 death sentences were handed down after 56 00:02:51,840 --> 00:02:59,000 unfair trials and that is not acceptable 57 00:02:56,720 --> 00:03:01,680 in some cases the only evidence seems 58 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:03,760 seem to be coming from confessions which 59 00:03:01,680 --> 00:03:06,599 were extracted under torture and 60 00:03:03,760 --> 00:03:09,360 deception is the regime vulnerable at 61 00:03:06,599 --> 00:03:11,760 the moment I mean what what would 62 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:14,280 explain uh what had been a fairly 63 00:03:11,760 --> 00:03:17,360 routine pattern of beheadings and this 64 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:18,720 spree that I describe I think that's 65 00:03:17,360 --> 00:03:21,120 basically the question that is being 66 00:03:18,720 --> 00:03:24,280 raised now what explains the sech in 67 00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:26,040 executions and I think it's given that 68 00:03:24,280 --> 00:03:28,599 this is Saudi Arabia we're talking about 69 00:03:26,040 --> 00:03:31,599 it's impossible to tell the decision 70 00:03:28,599 --> 00:03:34,200 making behind these closed doors what I 71 00:03:31,599 --> 00:03:36,640 imagine is happening or what I think 72 00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:39,720 explains the surge the increase in the 73 00:03:36,640 --> 00:03:42,120 numbers is a number of factors one is 74 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:45,000 that if you look at 2000 the annual rate 75 00:03:42,120 --> 00:03:47,920 of execution in Saudi Arabia in 2013 and 76 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:51,239 2012 they're almost identical around 79 77 00:03:47,920 --> 00:03:54,200 people were executed in 2013 and 2012 78 00:03:51,239 --> 00:03:56,760 each year now if you look at last year 79 00:03:54,200 --> 00:03:59,120 2013 in the first half of the year the 80 00:03:56,760 --> 00:04:02,120 numbers were extremely high so it was 81 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:04,079 not going to to stay below 100 and then 82 00:04:02,120 --> 00:04:06,400 the last 6 months of the year the 83 00:04:04,079 --> 00:04:08,560 numbers sharply dropped there were one 84 00:04:06,400 --> 00:04:12,480 or two executions in the second half of 85 00:04:08,560 --> 00:04:14,680 the Year very few this year it's the 86 00:04:12,480 --> 00:04:16,400 opposite it started very low and then 87 00:04:14,680 --> 00:04:19,479 Ramadan came and during Ramadan there 88 00:04:16,400 --> 00:04:23,000 are no executions do not take place and 89 00:04:19,479 --> 00:04:25,720 then so we had 17 by July of this year 90 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:28,560 so 2014 from January to July 17 91 00:04:25,720 --> 00:04:30,080 executions I think the authorities at 92 00:04:28,560 --> 00:04:33,120 one of the explanations is that the 93 00:04:30,080 --> 00:04:35,960 authorities have a certain amount of 94 00:04:33,120 --> 00:04:37,120 people and statistics they want to keep 95 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:39,520 and they want to keep that at the 96 00:04:37,120 --> 00:04:42,160 national level so in other words there 97 00:04:39,520 --> 00:04:43,639 is that let's say cut off point so very 98 00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:46,039 low at the beginning of this year we can 99 00:04:43,639 --> 00:04:48,440 increase the execution rate to reach 100 00:04:46,039 --> 00:04:50,160 that number 80 let's say now other 101 00:04:48,440 --> 00:04:52,280 reason I think there is a political 102 00:04:50,160 --> 00:04:55,560 Dimension to this as well I think the 103 00:04:52,280 --> 00:04:57,120 authorities are concerned of what's 104 00:04:55,560 --> 00:04:59,240 happening in the surrounding areas in 105 00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:01,880 the region in general especially in the 106 00:04:59,240 --> 00:05:04,000 after at of 2011 and I think they want 107 00:05:01,880 --> 00:05:06,120 to send a strong message to everyone 108 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:08,479 saying that we're still in charge we're 109 00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:11,520 still strong and we will punish any 110 00:05:08,479 --> 00:05:13,720 transgression I'm a politician I'm 111 00:05:11,520 --> 00:05:16,039 across the news all the time I 112 00:05:13,720 --> 00:05:18,560 specialize in the Middle East and I knew 113 00:05:16,039 --> 00:05:22,039 none of this until I read your Amnesty 114 00:05:18,560 --> 00:05:24,479 International report that means this 115 00:05:22,039 --> 00:05:27,560 hasn't impacted in the international 116 00:05:24,479 --> 00:05:30,440 mass media at all or even the niche 117 00:05:27,560 --> 00:05:33,680 media that I read how do you account for 118 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:35,440 that I think that has been a long 119 00:05:33,680 --> 00:05:38,360 struggle for us 120 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:40,360 basically there are some news coming out 121 00:05:38,360 --> 00:05:42,479 of Saudi Arabia that is covered and the 122 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:45,160 most that is covered believe it or not 123 00:05:42,479 --> 00:05:47,600 the the news that gets best coverage is 124 00:05:45,160 --> 00:05:50,240 beheadings so this is actually the 125 00:05:47,600 --> 00:05:52,039 maximum media coverage that you would 126 00:05:50,240 --> 00:05:53,680 get so there's a lot of things that are 127 00:05:52,039 --> 00:05:58,520 happening in the country that are 128 00:05:53,680 --> 00:06:00,400 there's no news whatsoever on so I think 129 00:05:58,520 --> 00:06:03,120 the this is common and it's been 130 00:06:00,400 --> 00:06:06,319 happening for years if not decades now 131 00:06:03,120 --> 00:06:09,039 that given the the situation of Saudi 132 00:06:06,319 --> 00:06:13,280 Arabia it's International status both as 133 00:06:09,039 --> 00:06:15,800 a regional Ally and as an economic power 134 00:06:13,280 --> 00:06:17,400 so the geostrategic and the economic 135 00:06:15,800 --> 00:06:19,680 relations between the Western countries 136 00:06:17,400 --> 00:06:24,639 and Saudi Arabia there's less and less 137 00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:27,400 interest in basically commentary from 138 00:06:24,639 --> 00:06:30,479 the authorities of Western governments 139 00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:32,240 and therefore not much encouragement 140 00:06:30,479 --> 00:06:34,960 when these things come out in media to 141 00:06:32,240 --> 00:06:37,160 make a noise out of or to discuss 142 00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:38,759 publicly what we hear from these 143 00:06:37,160 --> 00:06:41,000 authorities is that they're raising 144 00:06:38,759 --> 00:06:43,880 these issues privately with the soes so 145 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:46,759 they call them to discuss to raise 146 00:06:43,880 --> 00:06:48,000 concerns over the phone now the issue 147 00:06:46,759 --> 00:06:50,319 with that is that we don't know if that 148 00:06:48,000 --> 00:06:52,520 really happens or not and there are no 149 00:06:50,319 --> 00:06:54,520 there's no change coming out of out of 150 00:06:52,520 --> 00:06:57,520 those discussions apparently so we been 151 00:06:54,520 --> 00:07:00,400 encouraging them to raise concerns 152 00:06:57,520 --> 00:07:03,000 publicly that's the way that you can 153 00:07:00,400 --> 00:07:05,639 influence the so authorities to respond 154 00:07:03,000 --> 00:07:07,680 to this International outcry so while I 155 00:07:05,639 --> 00:07:12,440 cannot explain why the media in this 156 00:07:07,680 --> 00:07:14,240 case have not covered let's say as uh as 157 00:07:12,440 --> 00:07:17,000 wide as the coverage has been on Isis 158 00:07:14,240 --> 00:07:19,759 and other executions I cannot explain 159 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:22,599 why not on Saudi Arabia as much on the 160 00:07:19,759 --> 00:07:25,080 Saudi beheadings but I think the general 161 00:07:22,599 --> 00:07:27,599 explanation the the historic situation 162 00:07:25,080 --> 00:07:29,800 is behind this the terms of the alliance 163 00:07:27,599 --> 00:07:31,759 the causes and also the idea that 164 00:07:29,800 --> 00:07:34,479 eventually in Saudi Arabia there is 165 00:07:31,759 --> 00:07:36,960 supposed to be a court a trial of some 166 00:07:34,479 --> 00:07:38,720 sort uh leading to the to the execution 167 00:07:36,960 --> 00:07:41,440 regardless if whether or not we found we 168 00:07:38,720 --> 00:07:43,639 find that grotesque beheadings public 169 00:07:41,440 --> 00:07:46,319 executions that there is a process 170 00:07:43,639 --> 00:07:47,840 behind it of trial of conviction Etc 171 00:07:46,319 --> 00:07:51,080 which is not actually 172 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:54,240 true tell us tell us about those um that 173 00:07:51,080 --> 00:07:55,599 get executed are these Saudis or are 174 00:07:54,240 --> 00:07:58,680 they mostly 175 00:07:55,599 --> 00:08:01,840 migrants so that's another interesting 176 00:07:58,680 --> 00:08:03,400 Factor actually that the more than 50% 177 00:08:01,840 --> 00:08:05,520 more than half of those executed 178 00:08:03,400 --> 00:08:08,560 annually are foreigners are foreign 179 00:08:05,520 --> 00:08:10,360 migrants and typically migrant workers 180 00:08:08,560 --> 00:08:12,720 and there are multiple reasons I think 181 00:08:10,360 --> 00:08:16,440 for that one of which is that they are 182 00:08:12,720 --> 00:08:18,440 not very well informed of Sai laws which 183 00:08:16,440 --> 00:08:20,720 aren't most of most of which aren't 184 00:08:18,440 --> 00:08:24,319 codified so you don't know what the law 185 00:08:20,720 --> 00:08:27,039 is second because they they do not have 186 00:08:24,319 --> 00:08:30,120 access to translation facilities or to 187 00:08:27,039 --> 00:08:32,839 lawyers so they might be framed in a in 188 00:08:30,120 --> 00:08:36,719 a crime let's say in a domestic crime of 189 00:08:32,839 --> 00:08:38,839 some sort end up in jail be sentenced to 190 00:08:36,719 --> 00:08:42,719 death without knowing what's going on 191 00:08:38,839 --> 00:08:45,600 and then executed so which is extremely 192 00:08:42,719 --> 00:08:49,320 concerning and most of these um 193 00:08:45,600 --> 00:08:52,000 including um last year in 2013 there was 194 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:55,240 a a um a foreign domestic worker 195 00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:58,360 17-year-old girl who was executed a girl 196 00:08:55,240 --> 00:09:03,000 17 1-year-old girl named risana nafik 197 00:08:58,360 --> 00:09:05,600 who um a Sri Lankan girl and it was 198 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:08,399 clear that she was 17 all the 199 00:09:05,600 --> 00:09:10,160 authorities claimed that in her passport 200 00:09:08,399 --> 00:09:11,760 it said it she was 18 now the 201 00:09:10,160 --> 00:09:14,480 authorities later the S Lankan 202 00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:16,920 authorities clarified it saying that her 203 00:09:14,480 --> 00:09:19,240 passport was forged so that she can get 204 00:09:16,920 --> 00:09:21,320 a job to say 18 but that they 205 00:09:19,240 --> 00:09:23,800 ascertained they said we confirmed that 206 00:09:21,320 --> 00:09:25,200 she's not that didn't matter matter 207 00:09:23,800 --> 00:09:26,600 matter all so they violate the UN 208 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:28,120 Convention of the rights of the child 209 00:09:26,600 --> 00:09:31,320 child absolutely 210 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:34,120 yes I'm I'm stunned by that uh I'm 211 00:09:31,320 --> 00:09:36,720 momentarily speechless they severed the 212 00:09:34,120 --> 00:09:42,560 head of a 17-year-old girl 213 00:09:36,720 --> 00:09:45,640 yes the uh Saudis as you and us both 214 00:09:42,560 --> 00:09:48,480 know uh are big customers of ours 215 00:09:45,640 --> 00:09:51,240 they're big geostrategic allies even 216 00:09:48,480 --> 00:09:53,360 though as gatri said they are the font 217 00:09:51,240 --> 00:09:56,279 of this extremism not necessarily the 218 00:09:53,360 --> 00:09:58,480 government but uh all of these extremist 219 00:09:56,279 --> 00:10:02,440 groups draw great financial and other 220 00:09:58,480 --> 00:10:03,399 support from inside uh Saudi Arabia the 221 00:10:02,440 --> 00:10:06,880 world is 222 00:10:03,399 --> 00:10:10,079 transfixed at the moment uh with these 223 00:10:06,880 --> 00:10:12,880 hidious grotesque executions of Western 224 00:10:10,079 --> 00:10:15,720 journalists which make Front Page News 225 00:10:12,880 --> 00:10:18,680 top of the news everywhere in the world 226 00:10:15,720 --> 00:10:21,640 so it's like there's a tariff Isis can 227 00:10:18,680 --> 00:10:25,120 execute syrians and Iraqis in their 228 00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:28,560 hundreds maybe thousands nobody cares uh 229 00:10:25,120 --> 00:10:32,120 Saudi Arabia can behead dozens One A Day 230 00:10:28,560 --> 00:10:34,200 nobody much cares this must be painful 231 00:10:32,120 --> 00:10:37,279 for you Amnesty International struggling 232 00:10:34,200 --> 00:10:39,120 to highlight all of these crimes all of 233 00:10:37,279 --> 00:10:41,800 them are crimes and you're struggling to 234 00:10:39,120 --> 00:10:44,000 highlight them all absolutely and to 235 00:10:41,800 --> 00:10:45,920 keep basically the attention on what we 236 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:48,760 think is really important here which is 237 00:10:45,920 --> 00:10:51,040 that we believe as Amnesty International 238 00:10:48,760 --> 00:10:53,440 that all executions or all death 239 00:10:51,040 --> 00:10:58,000 sentences are clear violation to the 240 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:58,000 right of Life they are dor the 241 00:10:58,040 --> 00:11:04,279 cruestv regardless of how they're done 242 00:11:01,040 --> 00:11:06,800 is it beheading or chemicals or shooting 243 00:11:04,279 --> 00:11:09,800 whatever it is and the human life is 244 00:11:06,800 --> 00:11:12,920 human life basically we are against all 245 00:11:09,800 --> 00:11:14,800 forms of executions now what's been 246 00:11:12,920 --> 00:11:17,120 happening in the region with the Isis 247 00:11:14,800 --> 00:11:19,120 and not even last year before Isis 248 00:11:17,120 --> 00:11:20,800 gained the current prominence is that 249 00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:22,320 the Middle East is the was the area 250 00:11:20,800 --> 00:11:24,880 where we see we saw the surge in 251 00:11:22,320 --> 00:11:27,480 executions the executions continued more 252 00:11:24,880 --> 00:11:30,120 or less the way it has been last years 253 00:11:27,480 --> 00:11:33,279 whereas the rest of the world we so a 254 00:11:30,120 --> 00:11:35,440 decrease now the the point here is that 255 00:11:33,279 --> 00:11:36,959 the these these regimes that have been 256 00:11:35,440 --> 00:11:38,360 carrying out the execution in the Middle 257 00:11:36,959 --> 00:11:40,360 East and have increased have not 258 00:11:38,360 --> 00:11:43,360 received any criticism while all the 259 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:46,440 attention has gone to these armed groups 260 00:11:43,360 --> 00:11:49,279 like Isis so whereas Isis and others all 261 00:11:46,440 --> 00:11:52,040 humans have obligations in international 262 00:11:49,279 --> 00:11:54,079 humanitarian law Saudi Arabia as a state 263 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:56,600 as an international recognized state for 264 00:11:54,079 --> 00:11:59,079 example has further obligations because 265 00:11:56,600 --> 00:12:00,959 it's member it's part of number of of 266 00:11:59,079 --> 00:12:03,320 treaties that it has signed including 267 00:12:00,959 --> 00:12:05,600 conventional rights of the child so they 268 00:12:03,320 --> 00:12:08,200 have the demand on them should be far 269 00:12:05,600 --> 00:12:09,680 higher because of these um or the 270 00:12:08,200 --> 00:12:11,800 expectations should be far higher 271 00:12:09,680 --> 00:12:14,079 because of these International treaties 272 00:12:11,800 --> 00:12:16,800 that they voluntarily signed I actually 273 00:12:14,079 --> 00:12:18,880 I'm very curious about amnesty's work 274 00:12:16,800 --> 00:12:21,199 but also the support that you get 275 00:12:18,880 --> 00:12:23,320 locally do you get any support locally 276 00:12:21,199 --> 00:12:25,360 from the people cuz it's funny when you 277 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:27,360 speak about public beheadings I always 278 00:12:25,360 --> 00:12:30,480 wonder who this public are are the 279 00:12:27,360 --> 00:12:32,839 public still enjoying it and 280 00:12:30,480 --> 00:12:36,480 that's a really difficult uh question to 281 00:12:32,839 --> 00:12:38,920 answer I think in a sense um we have to 282 00:12:36,480 --> 00:12:40,600 admit that in number of countries in the 283 00:12:38,920 --> 00:12:44,880 world especially including places like 284 00:12:40,600 --> 00:12:47,720 Saudi Arabia um it's been part of the a 285 00:12:44,880 --> 00:12:49,760 very long history um the executions 286 00:12:47,720 --> 00:12:53,000 including the public 287 00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:55,160 beheadings so there is and generally 288 00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:58,880 speaking it's accepted that the death 289 00:12:55,160 --> 00:13:01,600 penalty is um a legitimate punishment 290 00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:04,320 for some crimes I mean it is supposed to 291 00:13:01,600 --> 00:13:06,920 be a spectacle it is supposed to work as 292 00:13:04,320 --> 00:13:08,800 a deterrent supposedly for others 293 00:13:06,920 --> 00:13:11,959 although there's no absolutely no 294 00:13:08,800 --> 00:13:15,040 evidence whatsoever on your fig on your 295 00:13:11,959 --> 00:13:16,399 figures it's uh vating exactly seac 296 00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:18,399 we've got to leave it there thanks very 297 00:13:16,399 --> 00:13:20,360 much for joining us we'll we'll we'd 298 00:13:18,399 --> 00:13:22,399 like to talk to you again about it 299 00:13:20,360 --> 00:13:24,519 coming up after the break a bright young 300 00:13:22,399 --> 00:13:26,760 man with a great future ahead of him on 301 00:13:24,519 --> 00:13:31,160 a grand old man with a great past behind 302 00:13:26,760 --> 00:13:31,160 him not me Bob Dylan don't miss 303 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:38,519 it welcome back to Sputnik I consider 304 00:13:36,839 --> 00:13:40,720 Bob Dylan to be the greatest writer 305 00:13:38,519 --> 00:13:43,000 since William Shakespeare he writed a 306 00:13:40,720 --> 00:13:45,680 few wrongs he wrote some of the best 307 00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:48,000 songs and I even like his voice or 308 00:13:45,680 --> 00:13:50,320 should I say voices for he has had 309 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:53,320 several I've paid a fortune to go and 310 00:13:50,320 --> 00:13:55,639 see Bob Dylan over decades Our Guest 311 00:13:53,320 --> 00:13:58,199 today has seen him more often than I and 312 00:13:55,639 --> 00:14:00,800 he's only 21 years old he's here to 313 00:13:58,199 --> 00:14:03,040 discuss the the original Vagabond and 314 00:14:00,800 --> 00:14:07,240 Ian Bell's biography of the star which 315 00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:07,240 has just been released in paperback he's 316 00:14:09,639 --> 00:14:16,040 dylanologists uh work time out of mind 317 00:14:13,079 --> 00:14:19,720 the lives of Bob Dylan voices of Bob 318 00:14:16,040 --> 00:14:23,519 Dylan lives of Bob Dylan what did you as 319 00:14:19,720 --> 00:14:26,040 an expert uh in the field make of this 320 00:14:23,519 --> 00:14:28,079 one well I think instantaneously as 321 00:14:26,040 --> 00:14:30,680 you've noted when you read that title 322 00:14:28,079 --> 00:14:32,360 the lives of Bob Dylan it goes to the 323 00:14:30,680 --> 00:14:35,120 heart of the fact that there really is 324 00:14:32,360 --> 00:14:37,800 no continuity that can be pointed to in 325 00:14:35,120 --> 00:14:39,839 in the life of Bob Dylan from just 326 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:41,800 opening the book you see a quote by 327 00:14:39,839 --> 00:14:44,480 Ginsburg he says I don't think Bob Dylan 328 00:14:41,800 --> 00:14:46,440 has a self and that really strikes at 329 00:14:44,480 --> 00:14:50,279 the heart of what Bob Dylan is about 330 00:14:46,440 --> 00:14:53,920 over a career of 50 plus years he's 331 00:14:50,279 --> 00:14:56,160 reinvented himself so many times that 332 00:14:53,920 --> 00:14:59,560 there's no longer the Bob Dylan of the 333 00:14:56,160 --> 00:15:01,800 1960s he doesn't exist anymore Dylan 334 00:14:59,560 --> 00:15:04,040 himself has said that in interviews he 335 00:15:01,800 --> 00:15:07,720 said I don't know that person anymore 336 00:15:04,040 --> 00:15:09,440 he's not he's not me so Dylan doesn't 337 00:15:07,720 --> 00:15:11,920 recognize himself and I think 338 00:15:09,440 --> 00:15:14,160 immediately Ian Bell has caught on to 339 00:15:11,920 --> 00:15:17,079 that with with this book what's 340 00:15:14,160 --> 00:15:19,680 especially nice about Ian Bell's book is 341 00:15:17,079 --> 00:15:23,560 that as a political journalist of course 342 00:15:19,680 --> 00:15:25,600 he won the allwell prize he imp Parts 343 00:15:23,560 --> 00:15:27,639 knowledge of the political scene the 344 00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:30,920 political context in which Dylan 345 00:15:27,639 --> 00:15:33,399 operated in and continues to operate in 346 00:15:30,920 --> 00:15:36,199 this is a person who's been massively 347 00:15:33,399 --> 00:15:38,600 influential in popular culture and 348 00:15:36,199 --> 00:15:41,040 American history world history and you 349 00:15:38,600 --> 00:15:43,800 have his story in in Belle's book uh 350 00:15:41,040 --> 00:15:47,040 encapsulated I think better than uh any 351 00:15:43,800 --> 00:15:50,120 other that I've read now let's talk 352 00:15:47,040 --> 00:15:52,920 about some of the lives uh Dylan burst 353 00:15:50,120 --> 00:15:55,800 on the scene the New York uh Cafe scene 354 00:15:52,920 --> 00:15:59,720 Greenwich Village in the coldest winter 355 00:15:55,800 --> 00:16:02,680 for uh many years uh he played in these 356 00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:07,319 coffee shops just to get out of the cold 357 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:11,399 wind uh and the Zeitgeist just a year or 358 00:16:07,319 --> 00:16:13,480 so later uh reached its Crescendo the 359 00:16:11,399 --> 00:16:18,120 Civil Rights Movement Martin Luther 360 00:16:13,480 --> 00:16:22,720 King's arrest uh the murder uh of uh 361 00:16:18,120 --> 00:16:25,839 Medgar Evans and so on uh then the 362 00:16:22,720 --> 00:16:31,079 Vietnam War begins and he becomes in a 363 00:16:25,839 --> 00:16:33,680 way a spokesman for uh the opposition to 364 00:16:31,079 --> 00:16:35,839 nuclear weapons the Cold War the Vietnam 365 00:16:33,680 --> 00:16:41,079 War racism in 366 00:16:35,839 --> 00:16:44,000 America and then politically speaking he 367 00:16:41,079 --> 00:16:46,120 Fades artistically he flourishes but 368 00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:50,120 politically speaking he FES how does Ian 369 00:16:46,120 --> 00:16:53,040 Bell explain that well with Bob Dylan's 370 00:16:50,120 --> 00:16:55,360 polit uh politics and political messages 371 00:16:53,040 --> 00:16:58,079 it's sometimes difficult to know just 372 00:16:55,360 --> 00:16:59,600 exactly what Dylan thinks and I think 373 00:16:58,079 --> 00:17:01,920 it's perhaps a mistake to say that he 374 00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:04,000 ceased to become uh political ceased to 375 00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:06,120 be political perhaps he ceased to be 376 00:17:04,000 --> 00:17:08,520 overtly political I might put it that 377 00:17:06,120 --> 00:17:11,079 way but starting at the beginning like 378 00:17:08,520 --> 00:17:13,400 you mentioned with the the 1960s Civil 379 00:17:11,079 --> 00:17:17,079 Rights Movement not a lot of people know 380 00:17:13,400 --> 00:17:20,919 but when uh Luther King made his I Have 381 00:17:17,079 --> 00:17:22,919 a Dream speech U 51 years ago Dylan was 382 00:17:20,919 --> 00:17:26,000 there and he sung at the March on 383 00:17:22,919 --> 00:17:28,079 Washington oh did he so he was he was 384 00:17:26,000 --> 00:17:31,039 there at that time sort of through his 385 00:17:28,079 --> 00:17:34,960 music galvanizing public opinion he 386 00:17:31,039 --> 00:17:38,000 never wrote a song specifically about uh 387 00:17:34,960 --> 00:17:41,000 civil rights but the emotions and the 388 00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:42,559 senses of justice that were in his words 389 00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:45,919 which had never been seen really in rock 390 00:17:42,559 --> 00:17:48,480 songs before with that marriage of folk 391 00:17:45,919 --> 00:17:51,200 Blues Country and and rock which Bob 392 00:17:48,480 --> 00:17:54,120 Dylan introduced you started to find 393 00:17:51,200 --> 00:17:56,600 that and so whilst in the 60s you have 394 00:17:54,120 --> 00:18:00,840 overtly political 395 00:17:56,600 --> 00:18:03,799 actions later on that that does cease 396 00:18:00,840 --> 00:18:05,880 overtly political actions but the music 397 00:18:03,799 --> 00:18:09,600 doesn't really change I would say the 398 00:18:05,880 --> 00:18:13,520 same sense of right and wrong of uh 399 00:18:09,600 --> 00:18:15,480 Freedom Liberty remains in his music and 400 00:18:13,520 --> 00:18:17,640 so if you're looking for lyrics that you 401 00:18:15,480 --> 00:18:19,520 can say immediately this is about this 402 00:18:17,640 --> 00:18:21,760 particular political subject you can't 403 00:18:19,520 --> 00:18:25,280 find that but even to this day you can 404 00:18:21,760 --> 00:18:28,400 still find that that sense um that 405 00:18:25,280 --> 00:18:30,559 political message um not to put too far 406 00:18:28,400 --> 00:18:32,400 find a point on on message because 407 00:18:30,559 --> 00:18:34,760 Dylan's songs aren't really uh 408 00:18:32,400 --> 00:18:36,640 teleological in that sense he doesn't 409 00:18:34,760 --> 00:18:39,080 have an end in mind he doesn't want to 410 00:18:36,640 --> 00:18:42,559 change a particular thing through one 411 00:18:39,080 --> 00:18:47,880 song but through the songs things do 412 00:18:42,559 --> 00:18:50,120 change um just one in fact uh hurricane 413 00:18:47,880 --> 00:18:53,039 which is one of his very best songs was 414 00:18:50,120 --> 00:18:55,640 a song about Ruben Carter who could have 415 00:18:53,039 --> 00:18:58,880 been the champion of the world but ended 416 00:18:55,640 --> 00:19:02,480 up like Buddha in a 10-ft cell 417 00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:05,480 uh Dylan helped spring him from prison 418 00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:09,400 didn't he well that's that's right and 419 00:19:05,480 --> 00:19:13,039 this is uh from a 1976 album called 420 00:19:09,400 --> 00:19:14,679 desire and Dylan met Carter and 421 00:19:13,039 --> 00:19:16,919 immediately concluded that he wasn't 422 00:19:14,679 --> 00:19:21,039 guilty of this crime he spoke to him for 423 00:19:16,919 --> 00:19:23,039 hours in prison and wrote this uh song 424 00:19:21,039 --> 00:19:25,159 More overtly than any other song he's 425 00:19:23,039 --> 00:19:27,240 written this is the song which he wanted 426 00:19:25,159 --> 00:19:29,880 to achieve something he would say in his 427 00:19:27,240 --> 00:19:33,480 concerts we need to free this innocent 428 00:19:29,880 --> 00:19:35,840 man and so it was that with the song 429 00:19:33,480 --> 00:19:39,360 people began to know about what wouldn't 430 00:19:35,840 --> 00:19:42,960 have been such a big story uh it had a 431 00:19:39,360 --> 00:19:47,159 mass uh public appeal people began to 432 00:19:42,960 --> 00:19:49,880 understand who Ruben Carter was and 433 00:19:47,159 --> 00:19:52,080 so I think the important part about 434 00:19:49,880 --> 00:19:54,720 hurricane is the involvement with the 435 00:19:52,080 --> 00:19:57,240 public Consciousness Ian Bell is very 436 00:19:54,720 --> 00:19:59,000 realistic in the way he describes this 437 00:19:57,240 --> 00:20:01,240 he doesn't want to say that Bob Dylan 438 00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:03,320 freed Ruben Carter I don't think that's 439 00:20:01,240 --> 00:20:06,039 the the case at all as it happens the 440 00:20:03,320 --> 00:20:08,280 reason why he uh was no longer in prison 441 00:20:06,039 --> 00:20:10,799 was because the prosecutors decided not 442 00:20:08,280 --> 00:20:13,600 to have a third trial his innocence or 443 00:20:10,799 --> 00:20:15,679 guilt was never finally concluded 444 00:20:13,600 --> 00:20:18,120 however I think B makes a very good 445 00:20:15,679 --> 00:20:20,120 point when he says that Dylan recognized 446 00:20:18,120 --> 00:20:22,240 that even though Carter might not have 447 00:20:20,120 --> 00:20:24,679 been the best of black men doesn't make 448 00:20:22,240 --> 00:20:26,240 him a guilty black man and I think Dylan 449 00:20:24,679 --> 00:20:29,480 recognized that and it's a theme that 450 00:20:26,240 --> 00:20:33,400 runs uh through the songs that he's done 451 00:20:29,480 --> 00:20:35,880 s many people argue that the songs he's 452 00:20:33,400 --> 00:20:38,400 written should have been sung by others 453 00:20:35,880 --> 00:20:40,480 including myself I wouldn't say I am 454 00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:43,880 forced to listen to Bob D during our 455 00:20:40,480 --> 00:20:46,520 long road trips but you 456 00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:48,640 are how uh how would you how would you 457 00:20:46,520 --> 00:20:51,520 say that so you what you're saying is 458 00:20:48,640 --> 00:20:53,320 great songs not a great voice well I 459 00:20:51,520 --> 00:20:55,000 mean I'm bound to disagree with you but 460 00:20:53,320 --> 00:20:57,000 I can understand where you're coming 461 00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:58,320 from with that there's something 462 00:20:57,000 --> 00:21:00,159 immediately that people find find 463 00:20:58,320 --> 00:21:03,320 unpalatable about the voice whether it's 464 00:21:00,159 --> 00:21:06,559 the 1960s sort of high pitched uh 465 00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:09,480 whining that you might describe it as 466 00:21:06,559 --> 00:21:12,760 yes describe it and then later growling 467 00:21:09,480 --> 00:21:15,600 the later growling the grably the grably 468 00:21:12,760 --> 00:21:18,640 voice so if you want something with uh 469 00:21:15,600 --> 00:21:21,279 more public appeal then Adele's cover of 470 00:21:18,640 --> 00:21:23,400 Make You Feel My Love is an excellent 471 00:21:21,279 --> 00:21:25,559 example and that's the biggest selling 472 00:21:23,400 --> 00:21:27,799 Bob Dylan song in in history that's 473 00:21:25,559 --> 00:21:29,400 right I would make the point that Dylan 474 00:21:27,799 --> 00:21:31,600 has never actually had a number one 475 00:21:29,400 --> 00:21:33,799 single oh he's had a number of number 476 00:21:31,600 --> 00:21:36,520 one albums but never a number one single 477 00:21:33,799 --> 00:21:38,919 so popular appeal in terms of chart 478 00:21:36,520 --> 00:21:41,720 success has never been his strong point 479 00:21:38,919 --> 00:21:44,679 I think his golden age was around the 480 00:21:41,720 --> 00:21:47,279 time of the album desire and blood on 481 00:21:44,679 --> 00:21:51,520 the tracks which for me is the best 482 00:21:47,279 --> 00:21:55,080 album ever made by anybody and One Track 483 00:21:51,520 --> 00:21:59,000 in fact every track could be a movie uh 484 00:21:55,080 --> 00:22:03,120 but the uh the Tangled Up In Blue 485 00:21:59,000 --> 00:22:05,559 uh is to me the most cinematic song uh 486 00:22:03,120 --> 00:22:08,000 ever recorded and I also think his voice 487 00:22:05,559 --> 00:22:10,919 was at its very best then around about 488 00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:13,080 the Budokan uh Tour live at the Budokan 489 00:22:10,919 --> 00:22:14,480 in Japan what do you think of that I 490 00:22:13,080 --> 00:22:16,559 think I think that's right there are 491 00:22:14,480 --> 00:22:19,240 lots of people who think that blood on 492 00:22:16,559 --> 00:22:21,480 the tracks is Dylan's best work sort of 493 00:22:19,240 --> 00:22:23,559 the Pinnacle of his uh achievements as a 494 00:22:21,480 --> 00:22:25,840 songwriter and as a as a singer I think 495 00:22:23,559 --> 00:22:28,039 there's a lot to be said for that view 496 00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:30,039 particularly Tangled Up In Blue as you 497 00:22:28,039 --> 00:22:32,400 mentioned Dylan has said himself of that 498 00:22:30,039 --> 00:22:34,760 song that it has past present and future 499 00:22:32,400 --> 00:22:36,880 all sitting in the same room together 500 00:22:34,760 --> 00:22:39,880 and in that way it certainly is 501 00:22:36,880 --> 00:22:42,159 Cinematic um it's also been described as 502 00:22:39,880 --> 00:22:44,640 the best breakup album ever written 503 00:22:42,159 --> 00:22:47,760 because around this time Bob was uh 504 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:49,840 divorcing from from his wife so you see 505 00:22:47,760 --> 00:22:52,880 a different side of Bob doing there more 506 00:22:49,840 --> 00:22:55,159 uh personal side than you will have uh I 507 00:22:52,880 --> 00:22:58,760 always uh saw myself as the Jack of 508 00:22:55,159 --> 00:23:02,679 Hearts in that uh album uh although I 509 00:22:58,760 --> 00:23:05,480 must tell you this the best Dylan song 510 00:23:02,679 --> 00:23:09,000 I've ever heard him perform he didn't 511 00:23:05,480 --> 00:23:11,279 write from uh from uh Natural Born 512 00:23:09,000 --> 00:23:14,400 Killers from the soundtrack of Natural 513 00:23:11,279 --> 00:23:17,880 Born Killers he sings a 1950 song what's 514 00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:20,159 it called again you belong to me mhm 515 00:23:17,880 --> 00:23:22,799 it's only 2 and a half minutes long it's 516 00:23:20,159 --> 00:23:25,000 absolutely magic yes I think uh there's 517 00:23:22,799 --> 00:23:27,440 something uh interesting about Bob 518 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:29,760 Dylan's association with uh film 519 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:31,919 sometimes you have uh very good work 520 00:23:29,760 --> 00:23:34,720 that he's done specifically for films 521 00:23:31,919 --> 00:23:36,360 what comes to mind is uh the 2001 film 522 00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:38,360 Wonder Boys in which he wrote the song 523 00:23:36,360 --> 00:23:40,279 things have changed which in fact won 524 00:23:38,360 --> 00:23:43,440 him an Academy Award which he proudly 525 00:23:40,279 --> 00:23:46,159 has on his piano uh in the concerts he 526 00:23:43,440 --> 00:23:48,799 he does now and so there is something 527 00:23:46,159 --> 00:23:51,760 cinematic about his songs you can't put 528 00:23:48,799 --> 00:23:54,000 a lot of songs in uh films and expect 529 00:23:51,760 --> 00:23:56,960 them to tell a story but that's exactly 530 00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:59,080 what Bob Dylan's songs do they they tell 531 00:23:56,960 --> 00:24:01,880 a story and they speak to 532 00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:04,159 people I would say on an elevated level 533 00:24:01,880 --> 00:24:06,279 than than other music well as uh as Bob 534 00:24:04,159 --> 00:24:08,310 D put it thank 535 00:24:06,279 --> 00:24:10,679 you thank 536 00:24:08,310 --> 00:24:13,120 [Music] 537 00:24:10,679 --> 00:24:14,960 you and now it's your turn to tell us 538 00:24:13,120 --> 00:24:17,120 what you think through the portals of 539 00:24:14,960 --> 00:24:18,799 social media what's rattling gri so 540 00:24:17,120 --> 00:24:20,640 there's been a sech of beheadings in 541 00:24:18,799 --> 00:24:24,559 Saudi Arabia but an absence of 542 00:24:20,640 --> 00:24:27,080 condemnation from the West why n akar 543 00:24:24,559 --> 00:24:28,880 answers because if Saudi Arabia was an 544 00:24:27,080 --> 00:24:30,880 exporter of bananas it would be 545 00:24:28,880 --> 00:24:33,919 condemned but because it keeps Joe on 546 00:24:30,880 --> 00:24:36,600 the road it's not mind you though Jack 547 00:24:33,919 --> 00:24:39,320 Tipple reminds us that UK is no stranger 548 00:24:36,600 --> 00:24:42,200 to beheadings as Malaysian insurgents 549 00:24:39,320 --> 00:24:46,399 discovered yeah in the 1950s the British 550 00:24:42,200 --> 00:24:49,880 army was paying 25 Shillings ahead yep 551 00:24:46,399 --> 00:24:53,679 literally ahead to uh the heads of 552 00:24:49,880 --> 00:24:55,760 Communists were worth 25 Shillings each 553 00:24:53,679 --> 00:24:58,559 it brings the question though whether 554 00:24:55,760 --> 00:25:01,600 UK's ties with Saudi Arabia makes the UK 555 00:24:58,559 --> 00:25:03,919 complicit to crimes to humanity Imran 556 00:25:01,600 --> 00:25:06,799 raut answers that I think it could even 557 00:25:03,919 --> 00:25:08,559 be do Saudi close ties with the UK make 558 00:25:06,799 --> 00:25:11,559 them complicit in crimes against 559 00:25:08,559 --> 00:25:15,279 humanity very good very good point and 560 00:25:11,559 --> 00:25:17,640 finally on Bob Dylan Luke answers voice 561 00:25:15,279 --> 00:25:20,720 voice I love all Bob Dylan's different 562 00:25:17,640 --> 00:25:23,240 voices well me too the lives of Bob 563 00:25:20,720 --> 00:25:25,360 Dylan the voices of Bob Dylan all of 564 00:25:23,240 --> 00:25:27,000 them are truly great to me well that's 565 00:25:25,360 --> 00:25:29,279 all that we've got for this week which 566 00:25:27,000 --> 00:25:31,080 alas means it's the end of the show do 567 00:25:29,279 --> 00:25:33,919 please keep in touch with us on Twitter 568 00:25:31,080 --> 00:25:36,880 at rtor Sputnik and on Facebook you can 569 00:25:33,919 --> 00:25:39,000 like us on Sputnik on Russia today it's 570 00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:42,039 goodbye from me gatri and from me George 571 00:25:39,000 --> 00:25:42,039 Galloway it's been 572 00:25:46,400 --> 00:25:49,489 [Music] 573 00:25:52,900 --> 00:25:55,949 [Music] 574 00:25:56,679 --> 00:25:59,679 marvelous 575 00:25:59,750 --> 00:26:03,220 [Music]